Legal Consultation and Risk Assessment
Legal Consultation
We provide professional cross-jurisdictional advice, covering the enforceability of surrogacy contracts and the legal standing of intended parents (IPs) in various nations such as the United States, the UK, and Ukraine
Risk Analysis
Analysis of legal risks including “limping parentage” (where a child is recognized as having different parents in different countries) and the risk of statelessness if nationality is not automatically granted by either the country of birth or the receiving country
Eligibility Assessment
Intended Parents
- Evaluation of whether you meet specific medical necessity requirements, such as proof of infertility or Embryo status
Surrogate Mothers
- Assessment based on ASRM and ESHRE standards, including age (typically 21-45), a history of at least one uncomplicated full-term birth, psychological readiness, and financial stability
Country-Specific Regulations
Pre-Approved Frameworks
- Jurisdictions like California, where the Family Code supports enforceable Pre-Birth Orders (PBO)
Altruistic-Only
- Countries like the UK, Canada, and Australia, which prohibit commercial compensation and where the surrogate is typically considered the legal mother at birth
Prohibited or Restricted
- Countries such as France, Germany, China, and Italy. Notably, Italy has expanded its ban to define surrogacy as a “universal crime”
